ASTM A213 / ASME SA-213 T91 Tube Specifications

ASTM A213 T91 tubes are seamless ferritic alloy steel tubes for pressure service per ASTM A213 / ASME SA-213. The T91 material specification details are listed below.

Property Details
Standard ASTM A213 / ASME SA-213
Process Seamless (hot finished or cold drawn)
Heat Treatment Normalise 1040 °C min + Temper 730 °C min
OD Range 6.35 mm (1/4") to 101.60 mm (4")
Wall Thickness 0.89 mm to 15 mm
Length SR 5 to 7 m, DR 9 to 13 m, Cut-to-length

ASTM A213 T91 Tube Sizes and Dimensions

For ASTM A213 T91 Seamless Tubes, the high-performance standard for supercritical boilers, see the following consolidated table for dimensions and manufacturing tolerances.

Parameter Specification / Range
Outside Diameter (OD) 6.35 mm to 101.60 mm (1/4" to 4")
Wall Thickness (WT) 0.89 mm to 15.00 mm
Standard Schedules SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, XXS
Manufacturing Type Seamless (Hot Finished / Cold Drawn)
OD Tolerance (Hot Finished) ±1.0% (Minimum ±0.5 mm)
OD Tolerance (Cold Drawn) ±0.5% (Minimum ±0.1 mm)
Standard Lengths 6 Meters, 12 Meters, or Custom Cut-to-Length
End Preparation Plain End or Bevelled (per ASME B16.25)

ASTM A213 T91 Tube Weight Chart

Explore the comprehensive weight chart and technical specifications for ASTM A213 T91 alloy steel tubing.

OD (mm) WT (mm) Weight (kg/m)
25.40 2.77 1.55
38.10 3.68 3.13
50.80 3.91 4.52
76.20 5.54 9.67
101.60 8.08 18.64

Heat Treatment Requirements

Grade T91 tubes require normalising at 1040oC minimum followed by tempering at 730oC minimum, producing the tempered martensitic microstructure.

ASTM A213 T91 Tube Price

ASTM A213 T91 tube prices range in India, current market rates typically fall between ₹125 and ₹650 per kg and in US $1.50 to $5.00 per kg (equivalent to US $1,500–$5,000 per metric tonne), depending on factors like diameter, mill origin, and whether the material is IBR certified

Chemical Composition of ASTM A213 T91 Tubes

The SA213 T91 chemical composition below defines this modified 9Cr-1Mo alloy steel per ASTM A213.

Carbon C
0.08 - 0.12%
Manganese Mn
0.30 - 0.60%
Phosphorus P
0.020% max
Sulphur S
0.010% max
Silicon Si
0.20 - 0.50%
Chromium Cr
8.00 - 9.50%
Molybdenum Mo
0.85 - 1.05%
Vanadium V
0.18 - 0.25%
Niobium Nb
0.06 - 0.10%
Nitrogen N
0.030 - 0.070%
Aluminium Al
0.02% max
Nickel Ni
0.40% max

Mechanical Properties of ASTM A213 T91 Tubes

The SA213 T91 mechanical properties below apply to tubes in the normalised and tempered condition.

85 / 585
ksi / MPa
Tensile Strength (min)
60 / 415
ksi / MPa
Yield Strength (min)
20
%
Elongation in 50 mm (min)
Property Value
Tensile Strength (min) 585 MPa (85 ksi)
Yield Strength (min) 415 MPa (60 ksi)
Elongation (min, 50 mm) 20%
Hardness (max) 25 HRC / 250 HBW
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ASTM A213 T91 Tube Equivalent Grades

ASTM A213 T91 (UNS K91560) is equivalent to ASME SA-213 T91 for pressure applications. International equivalents follow.

Standard Designation
UNS K91560
EN 10216-2 X10CrMoVNb9-1 (1.4903)
GB 5310 10Cr9Mo1VNb
JIS G3462 STBA 26
DIN 17175 X10CrMoVNb9-1
BS 3604 Grade 91
IS 1914 Grade T91

ASTM A213 T91 Tubes Industrial Applications

ASTM A213 T91 tubes serve high-temperature, high-pressure service in power generation, oil refining, and petrochemical processing at SA213 T91 temperature ratings up to 593 °C.

Power Generation and Boiler Applications

T91 CSEF tubes function as superheater and reheater elements in supercritical and ultra-supercritical (USC) boilers.

Oil and Gas Refinery Applications

Refineries install ASTM A213 T91 tubes in fired heater coils and high-temperature process exchangers.

Petrochemical and Heat Exchanger Applications

T91 alloy steel tubes are fitted in shell-and-tube heat exchangers handling streams above 500 °C.

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ASTM A213 T91 vs T22 Tubes: Which Grade to Choose

The following table compares ASTM A213 T91 and T22, highlighting key differences in strength and temperature.

Parameter T91 (Grade 91) T22 (Grade 22)
Composition 9Cr-1Mo-VNb 2.25Cr-1Mo
Max Service Temp 593 °C 565 °C
Tensile Strength 585 MPa (85 ksi) 415 MPa (60 ksi)
Yield Strength 415 MPa (60 ksi) 205 MPa (30 ksi)

T91 significantly outperforms T22 in terms of strength and thermal resistance. Its sophisticated composition facilitates thinner tube walls and enhanced efficiency in supercritical boilers, rendering it the optimal selection for high-pressure settings.

Shipping and Packaging of ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Seamless Tubes

Main export packaging setup Heavy-duty wooden boxes Packing
Export Packaging Standard

We strictly follow seaworthy export handling standards to protect ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Seamless Tubes from transit damage, moisture ingress, and surface contamination during long-distance dispatch.

  • Heavy-duty wooden boxes with moisture barrier lining
  • HDPE stretch film wrapping on all bundles
  • Plastic end caps on tube ends
  • Silica gel desiccants to minimize moisture exposure
  • ISPM-15 fumigated wooden packaging for export
shipping preparation Tube Bundle Yard Staging
Shipping packaging Tube End-Cap Protection
Shipping stock Wrapped Export-Ready Bundles

We Export Worldwide

Sachiya Steel International supplies ASTM A213 T91 tubes to major industrial markets across North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Africa with export-ready documentation and logistics support.

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Frequently Asked Questions: ASTM A213 T91 Tubes

What is the material of ASTM A213 T91 Tube?+
ASTM A213 T91 is a CSEF alloy steel with 8.00 to 9.50% chromium, 0.85 to 1.05% molybdenum, plus vanadium, niobium, and nitrogen. It's a modified 9Cr-1Mo alloy.
What is the difference between T91 Tubes and P91 Pipes?+
T91 (ASTM A213) covers seamless tubes for boiler service. P91 (ASTM A335) covers seamless pipes. Both share the same Grade 91 composition.
What is the maximum service temperature for T91 Tubes?+
T91 tubes operate up to 593 °C (1100 °F) per ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
What sizes are available for ASTM A213 T91 Tubes?+
ODs range from 6.35 mm to 101.60 mm, WT from 0.89 mm to 15 mm, in SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, and XXS.
What welding procedure is required for T91 Tubes?+
Welding requires a qualified WPS compliant with ASME Section IX protocols. Standard procedures involve a 200 to 300°C preheat and 730 to 780°C PWHT. Always adjust these targets based on actual metal thickness and specific project-site code compliance needs.
What is the price of ASTM A213 T91 Tubes?+
ASTM A213 T91 tube prices range in India, current market rates typically fall between ₹125 and ₹650 per kg and in US $1.50 to $5.00 per kg.
How does T91 compare to T22 for Boiler Tubes?+
T91 has superior creep strength and a service limit of 593 °Celsius compared to T22's 565 °Celsius, with walls that can be up to 30% thinner.
What heat treatment is required for ASTM A213 T91 Tubes?+
T91 tubes must be normalised at 1040 °C minimum and tempered at 730 °C minimum.

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